This study investigates the impact of transportation infrastructure on students’ travel behaviour at Kwara State University, Nigeria, by identifying challenges and proposing strategies to improve travel experiences. Utilising a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, the research quantifies the effect of transport infrastructure on students’ travel behaviour. It explores the impact of transport infrastructure, safety, trip purpose, convenience, and travel cost on travel behaviour. Data were collected from students at Kwara State University Malete through a survey and analysed through the complex interactions between the latent variables and their observed indicators. The results indicate that transport infrastructure, safety, and trip purpose significantly influence students’ travel behaviour, while trip convenience and cost were insignificant. Specifically, the study established a negative relationship between transport infrastructure and travel behaviour, suggesting that improved infrastructure might reduce off-campus travel. Conversely, safety and security, along with trip purpose, positively impact travel behaviour, indicating that a secure campus environment and purposeful activities motivate students to engage in travel. In conclusion, the study identifies transport infrastructure, safety, and trip purpose as key determinants of students’ travel behaviour in higher institutions. Therefore, the study recommended that campus administrators and policymakers improve transport infrastructure, enhance safety measure, increase the campus shuttles services quality and introduce a real service tracking system to enhance students’ campus travel experiences.

The paper examined the effects of economic, social and political dimensions of globalisation on government size – economic development nexus in ECOWAS countries. The study also tested whether the level of globalisation moderates the effect of government size on economic development. The study employed secondary data covering the period 1986 to 2018. The data for the study are sourced as discussed below: Gross domestic product per capita, government size (government expenditure to GDP), population growth rate, inflation rate, gross fixed capital formation and financial development, were sourced from World Development Indicator (WDI) database; 1 Data on globalisation index was obtained from the database of KOF Swiss Economic Institute, Switzerland. The study found that all dimensions of globalization index except economic globalization promote economic growth and development. Also, the finding suggests that aggregate globalization, economic and social globalization reduces the developmental effect of government spending. It therefore concludes that government spending has growth enhancing impact in ECOWAS countries and this impact can be reduced with high degree of globalization in the sampled countries.

The impact of the United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions on the long-term development of the host nations is the subject of our exploratory investigation in this paper. In order to examine the degree to which the UN peacekeeping deployment has influenced sustainable development in five African countries, a trend and Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) methodologies were applied. Our findings imply that peacekeeping has considerably aided sustainable development in Sudan, Nigeria, and Chad, three of the five nations we studied. The only beneficial effect of peacekeeping on Ethiopia and Mozambique during the research period was a decrease in the number of casualties, hence, we recommend based on our result that host countries should engage in resilient-oriented policy after the intervention. The UN should promptly offer war-torn countries concessionary funds to support and increase their growth needs.

This paper examined the type of purification technologies adopted and the factors influencing the adoption of purification technologies by packaged water firms in Ondo and Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study deployed quantitative research method for data collection by randomly administering questionnaire to sixty owner/manager of the selected registered packaged waters from Ondo and Ekiti states making 120 respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done in this study with the aid of STATA 12 software. The study concluded that four types of purification technology were prominently adopted by packaged water firms in Ondo and Ekiti states such as filtration only, filtration and ozonation, filtration and reverse osmosis and lastly, filtration, ozonation, and reverse osmosis. Further, the study concluded that government policy regulation, capital cost, running cost, cost of training of personnel, maintenance cost, improved quality products and perceive usefulness are significant factors influencing the type of purification technology adopted by the packaged water firms in the study area.

The spread of covid-19 altered socio-economic life globally due to response to prevent the disease. This altered economic activities at formal and informal sector especially in Ibadan, Nigeria. Against this backdrop, the study examined socio-economic displacement of artisans in new normal; hinged on Merton’s theory and descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Unit of analysis were artisans; 600 sample size; and multistage sampling procedure applied. Data were collected and analysed quantitatively using structured questionnaire, parametric descriptive and inferential test. Variable measurements were social displacement; economic displacement; and coping methods. Mean age was 38.5 years; 78.5% were male. Measuring social displacement in the regression (R² .60), customer patronage (β.069, mean=1.5); customer chains (β.032, mean=2.4); physical contacts (β.069, mean=1.9); customer trust (β.085, mean=2.6); and customer relationship (β.041, mean=4.1) predicted sustainable continuity of artisan-venture. Measuring economic displacement or adaptation (R² .65), income (β.025, mean=1.7); capital reinvestment (β.15, mean=2.8); expansion capacity (β.19, mean=2.0); and loan access (β.051, mean=2.8) predicted continuity of artisan occupation. The artisan-ventures were socially displaced due to covid-19 protocols citizens complied to prevent the contagious pandemic. The interplay of social consequence affected economic adaptation in the new normal. Recommendation follows that prospective intervention of safety-net in the new normal should be inclusive to capture informal economy of artisans in Ibadan specifically and other locations in general.

This paper examined the effect of job stress on the performance of employees of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study deployed quantitative research technique by administering questionnaire on three hundred and ninety-two (392) employees of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Both descriptive such as frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation; and inferential statistics such as ANOVA were used in the analysis of this study. SPSS was deployed for the analysis. Findings showed that job stress has significant effect (F = 46.146; p = 0.000) on employees’ performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that employees of deposit money banks in Nigeria should negotiate with the management of deposit money banks in Nigeria on how to optimize their work life balance so as to maximize their performance.

The roles of competitions in health care markets have given rise to wide debates in health economic literature in the last two decades. In the consensus, country specific differences in the markets are important determinant of outcomes. This study examined the linkage between competition, moral hazard and how they interact to produce poor healthcare outcomes using Akoko North East Local Government as the case area. By using a combination of statistical methods, with data from 15 private and 10 public hospitals, competition was found to be inefficient, raising idle capacity accumulations, moral hazard and treatment costs. The cost of the inefficiency per annum in Ondo state and Nigeria were estimated at ₦1.3025 billion and ₦56.006 billion respectively.

Economic globalization has had a great impact on African communities. Many policies have been formulated, most of which have had negative effects on the people. Also, there is lack of economic alternatives to grapple with various terrible living conditions across Africa. This has aggravated many crises in the traditional systems of familyhood and communalism. In the modern states of Africa, individualism has replaced communalism and the sense of community. Similarly, mutual antagonism and suspicion have replaced unity of purpose underpinning traditional African communities. This has affected the economy of Africa, moreso, that the structure of the global economy underscores the prevailing African condition which entangles most people in Africa who live in abject poverty. This study finds this as unfair and unjust socio-economic reconstruction of Africa. Nonetheless, we subscribe to the argument that whatever may be the effect of economic globalization on African communalism, the fact still remains that changes are inevitable in human society. Whatever happens in one state cannot be isolated from the global socio-economic and political concerns of others. The submission to the reality of the impact of globalization must in all sense be directed towards benefiting and promoting the welfare of the people in various African communities.

This paper examined the effect of firm profitability on volume of annual reports in Nigerian quoted companies. The quasi experimental research design was used for the study. A sample of 70 selected companies from the year 2009–2016 was used for the study. Preliminary analysis (i.e. descriptive analysis) was first done, after which the panel data model was employed for further analysis. The results obtained revealed that the effect of firm size on total volume of annual reports was significant. The study concluded that firm size plays an important role in the trend of annual reports volume. The study recommended that annual report should have information on the size of a company, in terms of earnings, income, turnover and workforce, in order to motivate investors.

This paper examines the nexus among oil revenue, economic growth and political institutions in Nigeria, using military governance as the proxy for political institutions. The paper employs time series data spanning 1981 to 2017 and the bounds testing cointegration technique to examine the short-run and long-run dynamics of the nexus. The results show that oil revenue has positive effects on growth both in the short-run and long-run, with a significantly larger effect in the long-run. However, military governance is found to be a causative channel of the resource curse in Nigeria, in that it makes oil revenue to impact negatively on growth in the long-run. The policy implication of these findings is that stopping weak governance from turning the blessings of oil into a curse in Nigeria requires that the principles that promote sound governance, such as transparency and accountability, are employed to manage oil revenue.

This study investigated the short run and long run relationship between industrialization and poverty level in Nigeria using annual secondary time series data from 1991 – 2020. The stationarity condition of the data was analysed using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) unit root test. The result of both test revealed that the series has mixed order of integration. Consequently, Johansen cointegration test was employed and the result revealed the existence of a long run relationship among the series; leading to the estimation of the long run and short run ARDL model. The long run and short run results revealed that industrial output growth and unemployment have the correct sign and are statistically significant at 1 percent level of significance. This revealed that industrial output growth (proxy for industrialization) reduces poverty level in Nigeria through its positive relationship with per capita income (proxy for poverty level). However, inflation rate and foreign direct investment are not statistically significant both in the long run and short run result, although, they are correctly signed. Hence, they do not significantly explain poverty level in Nigeria. This study recommended that efforts should be stepped up to stabilize the trend and improve the industrialization rate in Nigeria. The government should promote domestic and domestic productive capacity through appropriate fiscal measures, so as to attract more foreign capital.

This study answers the question of whether the relationship between financial leverage and firm performance is sector sensitive. Using a set of panel data of 15 banking and 15 manufacturing firms selected from the firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2007 to 2019, the study examined the effect of leverage ratios on the earnings per share of firms on a sector-by-sector basis to ascertain whether the effect in one sector significantly differs from the other. Results from the panel fully modified least squares (PFMOLS) analysis shows that long-term leverage ratio (debt/equity) has positive and statistically significant effect on the earnings per share in both firm groups while short-term leverage (current ratio) has negative and statistically significant effect on the earnings per share in the banking group only. This implies that while long-term leverage effect on performance is not sector sensitive, short-term leverage is. The results of panel causality tests between financial leverage and performance also shows that the causal relationship between them (uni-directional) is more pronounced in the banking firms’ group than in the manufacturing firm group. The study thus recommended that management of banks in particular should evolve more efficient current asset management strategies that will spur greater firm performance. Moreover, policy makers such as the Central Bank should formulate policies that will promote accessibility to debt capital at reasonable interest, particularly long-term funds.